Dojos are popular and their owners influential.[11]. Nevertheless, it is still a major cultural and intellectual centre for Central Africa, with a flourishing community of musicians and artists. According to Congolese sources , an agreement with a Chinese construction company was signed in 2006, according to which this Chinese company will finance the renovation of the track, the rolling stock, the communication channels the signaling and the electrical energy, the ex -ONATRA has, in fact, opted for an aggressive commercial policy to revive the rail. [71], Capital of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Abbreviations : Kal. Je parle anglais courant et j'aimerais pratiquer mon français. [1] The official language, inherited from the colonial period, is French. [44], Kinshasa has a flourishing music scene which since the 1960s has operated under the patronage of the city's elite. Schools and businesses were closed down. Kongo language, Kongo also called Kikongo and also spelled Congo, a Bantu language of the Benue-Congo branch of the Niger-Congo language family. Ethnologue lists 215 living languages. The city's infrastructure for running water and electricity is generally in bad shape. The city has recently[when?] [34][35], Other non-governmental organizations play significant roles in local governance. As of 2014, nearly 47% of the population of the DRC, or about 33 million people, can speak, read and write in French. Les ambivalences de l’expression politique des Shégués de Kinshasa”; Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Subdivisions of the DR Congo § Territorial organization, provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Province of the Anglican Church of the Congo, Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Projections demographiques 2019-25 (in French)", Cartographie de la croissance urbaine de Kinshasa (R.D. Several variations of Swahili are spoken in the DRC, with the dominant one being Kingwana. By Oishimaya Sen Nag on August 1 2017 in Society. The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has a highly diverse linguistic landscape. Lingala was made the official language of the army under Mobutu, but since the rebellions, the army has also used Swahili in the east. La RDC est le pays francophone le plus peuplé du monde, devant la France, et en 2016, 37 millions de Congolais, soit 47 % de la population du pays, sont capables de lire et d'écrire le français7. Food processing is a major industry, and construction and other service industries also play a significant role in the economy. [49] The electrical network is in disrepair to the extent that prolonged and periodic blackouts are normal, and exposed lines sometimes electrify pools of rainwater. A large number of minority languages are spoken in the DRC. Kinshasa liegt am Fluss Kongo und ist in 24 Gemeinden (communes) aufgeteilt. (Ngiri-Ngiri), Show map of Democratic Republic of the Congo, Matthieu Kayembe Wa Kayembe, Mathieu De Maeyer et Eléonore Wolff, ". Kinshasa is both a city (ville in French) and a province, one of the 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. [11][50] The high prices leave incoming refugees with few options for settlement besides illegal shantytowns such as Pakadjuma. [29], The head of Kinshasa ville-province has the title of Gouverneur. Most of the media uses French and Lingala to a large extent; very few use the other national languages. An official census conducted in 1984 counted 2.6 million residents. According to a projection (2016) the population of metropolitan Kinshasa will increase significantly, to 35 million by 2050, 58 million by 2075 and 83 million by 2100,[25]making it one of the largest metropolitan areas in the world. At first, all goods arriving by sea or being sent by sea had to be carried by porters between Léopoldville and Matadi, the port below the rapids and 150 km (93 mi) from the coast. Best. I'm 17. [18] Maluku, the rural commune to the east of the urban area, accounts for 79% of the 9.965 km2 total land area of the city-province,[5] with a population of 200,000–300,000. French Sign Language and American Sign Language are the two main varieties of sign language practiced by the deaf community of the DRC. Prins van Luikschool Kinshasa (primary education, This page was last edited on 25 September 2020, at 03:22. The official language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, of which Kinshasa is the capital, is French (See: Kinshasa French vocabulary). All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions © 2020 worldatlas.com, Ethnic Groups In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Congo-Kinshasa), Native Plants Of The Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Congo-Kinshasa), Religious Beliefs In The Democratic Republic Of The Congo (Congo-Kinshasa). The indigenous people of the area include the Humbu [fr] and Teke. French is the language of street signs, posters, newspapers, government documents, schools; it dominates plays, television, and the press, and it is used in vertical relationships among people of different social classes. Als Hauptstadt dieser 24 Gemeinden ist Kinshasa den Provinzen gleichgestellt und wird von einem … However, in fact, Kituba, a Kikongo-based creole, is used by the provincial administration of Kwilu, Kwango, and Bas-Congo. [38], Although home to only 13% of the DRC's population, Kinshasa accounts for 85% of the Congolese economy as measured by gross domestic product. [30] Each commune has its own Bourgmestre. Residents of Kinshasa are known as Kinois (in French and sometimes in English) or Kinshasans (English). In the 1990s, a rebel uprising began, which, by 1997, had brought down the regime of Mobutu. [17] Nevertheless spontaneously developed areas have in many cases extended the grid street plan of the original city.[14]. French has been maintained as the official language since the time of independence because it is widely spoken around the educated groups in the country, it belongs to none of the indigenous ethnic groups and eases communication between them as well as with the rest of the Francophonie, which includes many African countries. The announcement in 2016 that a new election would be delayed two years led to large protests in September and in December which involved barricades in the streets and left dozens of people dead. He initiated a policy of "Authenticity" the names of people and places in the country. Now I would like to focus on improving my communication skills in english because in September I'm going to start a master. It faces Brazzaville, the capital of the neighbouring Republic of the Congo, which can be seen in the distance across the wide Congo River, making them the world's second-closest pair of capital cities after Rome and Vatican City. Lingala is a language which gained its modern form in the colonial period, with the push of missionaries to standardize and teach a local lingua franca. Camille Dugrand, “Subvertir l’ordre? Emizet Francois Kisangani, Scott F. Bobb, "China, People's Republic of, Relations with"; Bill Freund, "City and Nation in an African Context: National Identity in Kinshasa”; Andy Morgan, "The scratch orchestra of Kinshasa", J. Gordon Melton, Martin Baumann, ‘‘Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices’’, ABC-CLIO, USA, 2010, p. 777. [11] Kinshasa is also the primate city of the DRC with a population several times larger than the next-largest city, Lubumbashi. [55], Some sources say that Kinshasa is extremely dangerous, with one source giving a homicide rate of 112 per 100,000 people per year. Less than a year after Lumumba's election, the Belgians and the U.S. bought the support of his Congolese rivals and set in motion the events that culminated in Lumumba's assassination. Congo) entre 1995 et 2005 par télédétection satellitaire à haute résolution, "DemographiaWorld Urban Areas – 13th Annual Edition", "Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab", "Kinshasa – national capital, Democratic Republic of the Congo", "Patrice Lumumba: the most important assassination of the 20th century", DR Congo election: 17 dead in anti-Kabila protests, Congo A 'Powder Keg' As Security Forces Crack Down On Whistling Demonstrators, Kinshasa 2005. Kinshasa is the home to much of the Congo's intelligentsia, including a political class which developed during the Mobutu era. Kongo is related to Swahili, Shona, and Bembe, among others.Kikongo is the name used by its speakers. [11] The Orchestre Symphonique Kimbanguiste, formed in 1994, began using improved musical instruments and has since grown in means and reputation.[45]. Kinshasa is the largest officially Francophone city in the world[26][27][28] although Lingala is widely used as a spoken language. The city was colonized as a trading post by Henry Morton Stanley in 1881. Lingala was originally spoken in the Congo river’s upper areas, but then rapidly spread to the middle Congo area. Gated communities and shopping malls, built with foreign capital and technical expertise, began to appear in 2006. Therefore, the variety of French used in the DRC has many similarities with Belgian French. The DRC government also plans to introduce the Portuguese language as an optional subject in educational institutions. My name's Charismata French has served as the official language of the DRC since Belgian colonial rule in the country. Kinshasa is the second largest officially Francophone city in the world although Lingala is widely used as a spoken language. [31][17], The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known by its French acronym MONUSCO (formerly MONUC) makes its headquarters in Kinshasa. The languages act as a lingua franca in Eastern Equatorial Africa. Its distance has been since 3111 of 3112 feet or 42 inches (lane capped 1,067 meter): This railway belongs, in fact, to the National Society, Congo Railways (SNCC). Members: Log in to see your contact history with each member. It is located along the south bank of the Congo River, downstream on the Pool Malebo[14] and directly opposite the city of Brazzaville, capital of the Republic of the Congo. Luba-Kasai is spoken in the East Kasai Region (Luba people) and Luba-Lulua is used in the West Kasai Region among the Bena Lulua people. In 1966, Léopoldville was renamed Kinshasa, for a village named Kinshasa that once stood near the site, today Kinshasa (commune). As a waterway it provides a means of transport for much of the Congo basin; it is navigable for river barges between Kinshasa and Kisangani; many of its tributaries are also navigable. The language is widely spoken by the country’s educated and elite class. Background", Kinshasa: a travers le centre ville, May 2015, Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, An unrecognised or partially-recognised nation, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kinshasa&oldid=980188280, Democratic Republic of the Congo–Republic of the Congo border crossings, Pages with non-numeric formatnum arguments, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using infobox settlement with possible nickname list, Articles containing Lingala-language text, All articles with vague or ambiguous time, Vague or ambiguous time from January 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2020, Articles needing additional references from April 2020, All articles needing additional references, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz area identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Institut Supérieur d'Architecture et Urbanisme, Institut Supérieur de Publicité et Médias. (Kinshasa), K.-V. (Kasa-Vubu), Ling. The Congo River is the second longest river in Africa after the Nile, and has the continent's greatest discharge. Urban renewal projects have led in some cases to violent conflict and displacement. The French language spoken in the DRC exhibits many similarities with Belgian French. People of the same class, however, speak the Congolese languages (Kikongo, Lingala, Tshiluba or Swahili) among themselves. I am not a premium member, so if you want a talk with me, get in touch with me, I'll be happy to read you. The Congolese military intelligence organization, Détection Militaire des Activités Anti-Patrie (DEMIAP) operates the Ouagadougou prison in Kintambo commune with notorious cruelty. The river is an important source of hydroelectric power, and downstream from Kinshasa it has the potential to generate power equivalent to the usage of roughly half of Africa's population. [46] There are also Muslim mosques. According to the Commercial Corporation of Transport and Ports (SCTP), the Matadi-Kinshasa Railway (CFMK) has the highest transport of goods in import, 8 746 tonnes in January, 11,318 tonnes in February 10,032 tonnes in March, 7,244 tonnes in April, 5,024 tonnes in March and 7,745 tonnes in June. The official language of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, of which Kinshasa is the capital, is French (See: Kinshasa French vocabulary). [10] In 1965, with the help of the U.S. and Belgium, Joseph-Désiré Mobutu seized power in the Congo. There are 12 deaf institutions in the country, and most teach French Sign Language or variations. It is only exploited by the SCTP, formerly ONATRA, according to an agreement signed by the two companies. The country hosts 12 institutions for the deaf. Kituba, Swahili, Tshiluba, and Lingala are the country's four national languages. Write anytime you want, everywhere you want, even if you're doing sports, don't refrain from talking to me. Several international airlines serve Ndjili Airport including Kenya Airways, South African Airways, Ethiopian Airlines, Brussels Airlines, Air France and Turkish Airlines. The SCTP did indeed transport part of this production to Kinshasa but the exact quantity was not communicated by the railway department of the company, the former DG Kimbembe Mazunga had communicated an agreed protocol of agreements with the cement manufacturers of Kongo-Central for the transport of their productions. A related language, known as Luba-Katanga, is spoken in Katanga Province. [40], Mean household spending in 2005 was the equivalent of US$2,150, amounting to $1 per day per person. On June 30, 2018, the SCTP received two locomotives and 50 wagons from the African firm ARSS (African-Rolling Stock Solution). The quartier Matonge is known regionally for its nightlife. i want to learn english,french,thai.thank you,je voudrais apprendre anglais, français,Thaï,merci. It was originally spoken in the upper Congo river area but rapidly spread to the middle Congo area and eventually became the major Bantu language in Kinshasa … Ethnologue lists 215 living languages spoken in the country. In the 2010s, street children or "Shegués", often orphaned, are subject to abuse by the police and military. This prison houses more than double its nominal capacity of 1,000 inmates. [6], Culture of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Linguistic map of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethnologue.com: Ethnologue report for the Democratic Republic of the Congo, PanAfrican L10n: Democratic Republic of Congo, New Technologies and languages of both Congos, Languages of Democratic Republic of the Congo, Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, Português adoptado como língua opcional nas escolas da RD Congo, "Ghetto Blaster : Et la rumba congolaise rythma les indépendances", "The spread of Indubil through DR Congo: context and modalities", Languages of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo&oldid=980768681, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 28 September 2020, at 10:02. Kinshasa, von 1971 bis 1997 Hauptstadt von Zaire, ist heute Hauptstadt der Demokratischen Republik Kongo. Kinshasa is home to the Government of the Democratic Republic of the Congo including: The Central Bank of the Congo has its headquarters on Boulevard Colonel Tshatshi, across the street from the Mausoleum of Laurent Kabila and the presidential palace. Under the Köppen climate classification, Kinshasa has a tropical wet and dry climate (Aw). [23], According to UN-Habitat, 390,000 people immigrate to Kinshasa annually, fleeing warfare and seeking economic opportunity. [32] Critics, including recently[when?] A pop culture ideal type in Kinshasa is the mikiliste, a fashionable person with money who has traveled to Europe. The language is widely spoken by the country’s educated and elite class. Nirgendwo sonst wie hier herrscht eine derartige Symbiose zwischen der Moderne und dem Traditionellen. Directed by Pr Léon Tshilolo, paediatrician and haematologist, Monkole Hospital opened a 150-bed building in 2012 with improved clinical services as laboratory, diagnostic radiology, intensive care, neonatal unit, family medicine, emergencies unit and a larger surgical area. [14], The housing market has seen rising prices and rents since the 1980s. The city is situated alongside the Congo River. “... language is meaningful because it is the expression of thoughts—of thoughts which are about something.”—Roderick M. Chisholm (b. This is in contrast to African cities further north featuring this climate where the dry season typically begins around December. Houses and apartments in the central area are expensive, with houses selling for a million dollars and apartments going for $5000 per month. [14] The communes are grouped into four districts which are not in themselves administrative divisions. of State – Congo, Democratic Republic of the Country Specific Information", "Nonstate Policing: Expanding the Scope for Tackling Africa's Urban Violence", Prisons in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Des milliers de détenus s’évadent de la prison de Kinshasa en RD-Congo, Evasion à la prison de Makala en RDC: plus de 4600 détenus seraient en fuite, "Congo's children battle witchcraft accusations", "A night on the streets with Kinshasa's 'child witches, "Danballuff – Children of Congo: From War to Witches(video)", "Africa Feature: Around 20,000 street children wander in Kinshasa", "Prevalence, Abuse & Exploitation of Street Children", "Beaten and discarded, Congo street children are strangers to mining boom", "What Future? 1916), “No language is rude that can boast polite writers.”—Aubrey Beardsley (1872–1898), “Our language has wisely sensed these two sides of man’s being alone. Kinshasa lies south of the equator, so its dry season begins around its winter solstice, which is in June. Other roads also converge on Gombe. [9] Kinshasa suffered greatly from Mobutu's excesses, mass corruption, nepotism and the civil war that led to his downfall. Most new jobs are classified as informal. Towns With The Lowest Violent Crime Rates In The US, Countries With The Biggest Population Decline, Countries With the Highest Population Growth. Kinshasa Langage Institute - KLI. [11], While the military and National Police operate their own jails in Kinshasa, the main detention facility under the jurisdiction of the local courts is the Kinshasa Penitentiary and Re-education center in Malaka. Le français est la langue officielle de la république démocratique du Congo (RDC)6. [22] Since then, all estimates are extrapolations. But this line lost large shares of the market, following its lamentable state, insecurity on the rail (some trains are attacked) and the rehabilitation of the road along the rail in 2000. Street Children in the Democratic Republic of Congo: IV. Total found: 395 ! [9] By 1923, the city was elevated to capital of the Belgian Congo, replacing the town of Boma in the Congo estuary. (Lingwala), Ng.-Ng. Kinshasa (/ k ɪ n ˈ ʃ ɑː s ə /; French: ; Lingala: Kinsásá), formerly Léopoldville (Dutch: Leopoldstad), is the capital and the largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.The city is situated alongside the Congo River.. Once a site of fishing and trading villages, Kinshasa is now a megacity with a population of about 16 million. Stervos Niarcos, and musician Papa Wemba, were early exemplars of the mikiliste style. There are road and rail links to Matadi, the sea port in the Congo estuary 150 km (93 mi) from the Atlantic Ocean. Although, in daily life, we do not always distinguish these words, we should do so consistently and thus deepen our understanding of our human predicament.”—Paul Tillich (1886–1965). [70], These children have been the object of considerable outside study. [17] A 2004 investigation found 70% of inhabitants employed informally, 17% in the public sector, 9% in the formal private sector, and 3% other, of a total 976,000 workers. Since the Second Congo War, the city has been striving to recover from disorder, with many youth gangs hailing from Kinshasa's slums. Joseph Kabila, president of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 2001-2019, was not overly popular in Kinshasa. The median household spending was $1,555, 66 cents per person per day. [57] By some accounts, crime in Kinshasa is not so rampant, due to relatively good relations among residents and perhaps to the severity with which even petty crime is punished. [62] Some have fled from physically abusive families, notably step-parents, others were expelled from their families as they were believed to be witches,[63] and have become outcasts. The port, called 'Le Beach Ngobila' extends for about 7 km (4 mi) along the river, comprising scores of quays and jetties with hundreds of boats and barges tied up. It has created the word “loneliness” to express the pain of being alone. O. Oko Elechi and Angela R. Morris, “Congo, Democratic Republic of the (Congo-Kinshasa)”; in Mahesh K. Nalla & Graeme R. Newman (eds.). 1 40 rows/page. Adrien Mombele, a.k.a. [14], The People's Republic of China has been heavily involved in the Congo since the 1970s, when they financed the construction of the Palais du Peuple and backed the government against rebels in the Shaba war. [68] There are also second generation street children:[69] "they referred to their sub-culture of violence as kindoubill". Lingala is a language which gained its modern form in the colonial period, with the push of missionaries to standardize and teach a local lingua franca. The French language spoken in the DRC exhibits many similarities with Belgian French. There is an intermittent service, with a poor safety record. Swahili is the most widespread lingua franca spoken in Eastern Equatorial Africa. [24], In 2005, 55% of households had televisions and 43% had mobile phones. La RDC est membre de l'Assemblée parlementaire de la francophonie depuis sa création en 19678 ainsi que de l'Organisation internationale de la francophonie depui… When the country was a Belgian colony, it had already instituted teaching and use of the four national languages in primary schools, making it one of the few African nations to have had literacy in local languages during the European colonial period. Es gibt Wörterbücher etwa ins Spanische, Französische oder Englische. 395 likes. City plans of the 1920s–1950s featured a cordon sanitaire or buffer between the white and black neighborhoods, which included the central market as well as parks and gardens for Europeans. Thanks. Without any contest, anyone willing to do career in Businesses is required to master English. The city is also home to three large universities and an arts school: In 2005, 93% of children over six attended school and 70% of people over 15 were literate in French. The Luba-Kasai and the Luba-Lulua that are spoken in the East Kasai Region and the West Kasai Region, respectively. Two major variations of the Tshiluba language are spoken in the DRC. As of 2010 the government decided to include Portuguese as an optional language at schools as a response to Brazil's increasing influence on the continent, and of the growing and considerable Angolan and Mozambican immigrant communities. [3] The Democratic Republic of the Congo currently has the largest French-speaking population of any country outside France. Langue Français. Die Demokratische Republik Kongo (deutsch [ˈkʰɔŋgo], französisch [kɔ̃ˈgo], abgekürzt DR Kongo), von 1971 bis 1997 Zaire (frz. Aurélie Fontaine, "Housing: Kinshasa is for the rich”; Jonny Hong, "Gang crime threatens the future of Congo's capital". The Vita Club, now owned by General Gabriel Amisi Kumba frequently draws large crowds, enthusiastic and sometimes rowdy, to the Stade des Martyrs. [15], The older and wealthier part of the city (ville basse) is located on a flat area of alluvial sand and clay near the river, while many newer areas are found on the eroding red soil of surrounding hills. As of 2014, nearly 47% of the population of the DRC, or about 33 million people, can speak, read and write in French. And I can help someone who wants to improve his/her French too. Luce Beeckmans & Liora Bigon, "The making of the central markets of Dakar and Kinshasa: from colonial origins to the post-colonial period”; Innocent Chirisa, Abraham Rajab Matamanda, & Liaison Mukarwi, "Desired and Achieved Urbanisation in Africa: In Search of Appropriate Tooling for a Sustainable Transformation”; in Umar Benna & Indo Benna, eds., Inge Wagemakers, Oracle Makangu Diki, & Tom De Herdt, ". [9] The town, nicknamed "Léo" or "Leopold", became a commercial centre and grew rapidly during the colonial period. In 1974, Kinshasa hosted The Rumble in the Jungle boxing match between Muhammad Ali and George Foreman, in which Ali defeated Foreman, to regain the World Heavyweight title. Ferries cross the river to Brazzaville, a distance of about 4 km (2 mi). French is the language of street signs, posters, newspapers, government documents, schools; it dominates plays, television, and the press, and it is used in vertical relationships among people of uneven rank; people of equal rank, however, speak the Congolese languages (Kikongo, Lingala, Tshiluba or Swahili) among themselves. Kinshasa is home to the country's national stadium, the Stade des Martyrs (Stadium of the Martyrs). I'm working abroad since 2016, in english, swahili and french speaking countries. It began work in Kimbanseke, a hill commune with population verging on one million.[37]. Ndako ya Biso provides support for street children, including overnight accommodation for girls. Kinshasa is the largest officially Francophone city in the world although Lingala is widely used as a spoken language. French is the official language of the country since its colonial period under Belgian rule. [36] The Belgian development agency (Coopération technique belge; CTB) since 2006 sponsors the Programme d’Appui aux Initiatives de Développement Communautaire (Paideco), a 6-million-euro program aimed at economic development. The east-west road network linking the more distant neighborhoods is weak and thus transit through much of the city is difficult. [61] Of the estimated 20,000 children living on Kinshasa's streets, almost a quarter are beggars, some are street vendors and about a third have some kind of employment. [12][13], Kinshasa is a city of sharp contrasts, with affluent residential and commercial areas and three universities alongside sprawling slums.